[Rcpp-devel] Problem installing even default Rcpp skeleton package
Dirk Eddelbuettel
edd at debian.org
Wed May 9 23:36:29 CEST 2012
Nick,
On 9 May 2012 at 14:23, Nick Matzke wrote:
| Hi all,
|
| I have been playing with Rcpp, and gotten the Rcpp installed
| just fine.
|
| However, when I set up the default "example" package with
| Rcpp.package.skeleton(), e.g.
|
| Rcpp.package.skeleton(name="RcppSkeleton")
|
| ...I can't get the package to install via any of the usual
| methods. During compilation of the C++ code, it hits a
| "file not found" error, I think because RcppSkeleton is not
| being produced, or not being placed in the appropriate
| directory.
|
| Any help welcome! SessionInfo() and various attempts pasted
| below
|
|
| ATTEMPT #1
|
| ####################################################
| # (First, I ran this inside R:)
| setwd("/Dropbox/_njm/__packages/")
| Rcpp.package.skeleton( "RcppSkeleton" , force=TRUE,
| example_code=TRUE, module=TRUE)
|
|
| # Then, I tried to install from command-line with R CMD INSTALL:
| ####################################################
| vlsb-4151a-2:__packages nickm$ R CMD INSTALL
| /Dropbox/_njm/__packages/RcppSkeleton
|
| Loading ~/.Rprofile...
Where is "Loading ~/.Rprofile" coming from?
I just added something the Rcpp-FAQ today (following off-list discussion with
another user). You just can't have verbose stuff in ~/.Rprofile as we call
Rscript all the time to evaluate Rcpp::LdFlags() etc -- if there is stdout it
ruins everything.
Please comment out that line, or protect it at least via
if (interactive()) { ... }
Dirk
| Currently viewed PATH:
| /opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin
| * installing to library
| ‘/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/2.14/Resources/library’
| * installing *source* package ‘RcppSkeleton’ ...
| ** libs
| *** arch - i386
| g++ -arch i386
| -I/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include
| -I/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include/i386
| -I/usr/local/include
| -I"/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/2.14/Resources/library/Rcpp/include"
| -fPIC -g -O2 -c rcpp_hello_world.cpp -o rcpp_hello_world.o
| g++ -arch i386
| -I/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include
| -I/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include/i386
| -I/usr/local/include
| -I"/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/2.14/Resources/library/Rcpp/include"
| -fPIC -g -O2 -c rcpp_module.cpp -o rcpp_module.o
| g++ -arch i386 -dynamiclib -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names
| -undefined dynamic_lookup -single_module -multiply_defined
| suppress -L/usr/local/lib -o RcppSkeleton.so
| rcpp_hello_world.o rcpp_module.o Loading ~/.Rprofile...
| Currently viewed PATH:
| /opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin
| /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/2.14/Resources/library/Rcpp/lib/i386/libRcpp.a
| -F/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/.. -framework R
| -Wl,-framework -Wl,CoreFoundation
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: Loading: No such file or
| directory
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: ~/.Rprofile...: No such
| file or directory
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: Currently: No such file or
| directory
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: viewed: No such file or
| directory
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: PATH:: No such file or
| directory
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2:
| /opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin:
| No such file or directory
| make: *** [RcppSkeleton.so] Error 1
| ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘RcppSkeleton’
| * removing
| ‘/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/2.14/Resources/library/RcppSkeleton’
|
| vlsb-4151a-2:__packages nickm$
|
| ####################################################
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ####################################################
| # sessionInfo()
| ####################################################
|
| vlsb-4151a-2:__packages nickm$ r
|
| R version 2.14.1 (2011-12-22)
| Copyright (C) 2011 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
| ISBN 3-900051-07-0
| Platform: x86_64-apple-darwin9.8.0/x86_64 (64-bit)
|
| R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
| You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.
| Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details.
|
| Natural language support but running in an English locale
|
| R is a collaborative project with many contributors.
| Type 'contributors()' for more information and
| 'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications.
|
| Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or
| 'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help.
| Type 'q()' to quit R.
|
| Loading ~/.Rprofile...
| Currently viewed PATH:
| /opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin
| [Previously saved workspace restored]
|
| > sessionInfo()
| R version 2.14.1 (2011-12-22)
| Platform: x86_64-apple-darwin9.8.0/x86_64 (64-bit)
|
| locale:
| [1]
| en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/C/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8
|
| attached base packages:
| [1] stats grDevices utils datasets graphics
| methods base
|
| ####################################################
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ####################################################
| # ATTEMPT #2 -- inside R
| ####################################################
| > require(Rcpp)
| Loading required package: Rcpp
|
| > setwd("/Dropbox/_njm/__packages/")
|
| > Rcpp.package.skeleton( "RcppSkeleton" , force=TRUE,
| example_code=TRUE, module=TRUE)
| Creating directories ...
| Creating DESCRIPTION ...
| Creating NAMESPACE ...
| Creating Read-and-delete-me ...
| Saving functions and data ...
| Making help files ...
| Done.
| Further steps are described in
| './RcppSkeleton/Read-and-delete-me'.
|
| Adding Rcpp settings
| >> added RcppModules: yada
| >> added Depends: Rcpp
| >> added LinkingTo: Rcpp
| >> added useDynLib directive to NAMESPACE
| >> added example header file using Rcpp classes
| >> added example src file using Rcpp classes
| >> added example R file calling the C++ example
| >> added Rd file for rcpp_hello_world
| >> copied the example module
| >
|
|
| > install.packages("/Dropbox/_njm/__packages/RcppSkeleton",
| lib="/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/library/",
| NULL, type='source', INSTALL_opts=c("--debug"))
| Loading ~/.Rprofile...
| Currently viewed PATH:
| /opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin
| processing ‘/Dropbox/_njm/__packages/RcppSkeleton’
| a directory
| * build_help_types=
| * DBG: 'R CMD INSTALL' now doing do_install()
| * created lock directory
| ‘/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/2.14/Resources/library/00LOCK-RcppSkeleton’
| * installing *source* package ‘RcppSkeleton’ ...
| ** libs
| *** arch - i386
| about to run R CMD SHLIB -o RcppSkeleton.so
| rcpp_hello_world.cpp rcpp_module.cpp
| g++ -arch i386
| -I/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include
| -I/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include/i386
| -I/usr/local/include
| -I"/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/2.14/Resources/library/Rcpp/include"
| -fPIC -g -O2 -c rcpp_hello_world.cpp -o rcpp_hello_world.o
| g++ -arch i386
| -I/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include
| -I/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include/i386
| -I/usr/local/include
| -I"/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/2.14/Resources/library/Rcpp/include"
| -fPIC -g -O2 -c rcpp_module.cpp -o rcpp_module.o
| g++ -arch i386 -dynamiclib -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names
| -undefined dynamic_lookup -single_module -multiply_defined
| suppress -L/usr/local/lib -o RcppSkeleton.so
| rcpp_hello_world.o rcpp_module.o Loading ~/.Rprofile...
| Currently viewed PATH:
| /opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin
| /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/2.14/Resources/library/Rcpp/lib/i386/libRcpp.a
| -F/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/.. -framework R
| -Wl,-framework -Wl,CoreFoundation
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: Loading: No such file or
| directory
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: ~/.Rprofile...: No such
| file or directory
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: Currently: No such file or
| directory
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: viewed: No such file or
| directory
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: PATH:: No such file or
| directory
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2:
| /opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin:
| No such file or directory
| make: *** [RcppSkeleton.so] Error 1
| ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘RcppSkeleton’
| * removing
| ‘/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/2.14/Resources/library/RcppSkeleton’
| Warning message:
| In install.packages("/Dropbox/_njm/__packages/RcppSkeleton",
| lib = "/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/library/", :
| installation of package
| ‘/Dropbox/_njm/__packages/RcppSkeleton’ had non-zero exit status
| >
|
| ###########################################
|
| I get the same error when trying to install from inside
| R.app as well.
|
| Presumably I have to change something inside the Makevars
| file (?), but as I'm just using the default example package,
| it seems like it ought to work out of the box.
|
| But here's the current (default) Makevars file:
|
| ############################################################
|
| ## Use the R_HOME indirection to support installations of
| multiple R version
| PKG_LIBS = `$(R_HOME)/bin/Rscript -e "Rcpp:::LdFlags()"`
|
| ## As an alternative, one can also add this code in a file
| 'configure'
| ##
| ## PKG_LIBS=`${R_HOME}/bin/Rscript -e "Rcpp:::LdFlags()"`
| ##
| ## sed -e "s|@PKG_LIBS@|${PKG_LIBS}|" \
| ## src/Makevars.in > src/Makevars
| ##
| ## which together with the following file 'src/Makevars.in'
| ##
| ## PKG_LIBS = @PKG_LIBS@
| ##
| ## can be used to create src/Makevars dynamically. This
| scheme is more
| ## powerful and can be expanded to also check for and link
| with other
| ## libraries. It should be complemented by a file 'cleanup'
| ##
| ## rm src/Makevars
| ##
| ## which removes the autogenerated file src/Makevars.
| ##
| ## Of course, autoconf can also be used to write configure
| files. This is
| ## done by a number of packages, but recommended only for
| more advanced users
| ## comfortable with autoconf and its related tools.
|
| ############################################################
|
|
| Any help appreciated!
|
| Cheers!
| Nick
|
|
|
|
|
| PS: From command line, R CMD BUILD, R CMD CHECK gives the
| same error:
|
| ===========================
| vlsb-4151a-2:__packages nickm$ R CMD BUILD
| /Dropbox/_njm/__packages/RcppSkeleton
| Loading ~/.Rprofile...
| Currently viewed PATH:
| /opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin
| * checking for file
| ‘/Dropbox/_njm/__packages/RcppSkeleton/DESCRIPTION’ ... OK
| * preparing ‘RcppSkeleton’:
| * checking DESCRIPTION meta-information ... OK
| * cleaning src
| * checking for LF line-endings in source and make files
| * checking for empty or unneeded directories
| * building ‘RcppSkeleton_1.0.tar.gz’
|
| vlsb-4151a-2:__packages nickm$ R CMD CHECK
| /Dropbox/_njm/__packages/RcppSkeleton
| Loading ~/.Rprofile...
| Currently viewed PATH:
| /opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin
| * using log directory
| ‘/Dropbox/_njm/__packages/RcppSkeleton.Rcheck’
| * using R version 2.14.1 (2011-12-22)
| * using platform: x86_64-apple-darwin9.8.0 (64-bit)
| * using session charset: UTF-8
| * checking for file ‘RcppSkeleton/DESCRIPTION’ ... OK
| * checking extension type ... Package
| * this is package ‘RcppSkeleton’ version ‘1.0’
| * checking package namespace information ... OK
| * checking package dependencies ... OK
| * checking if this is a source package ... OK
| * checking if there is a namespace ... OK
| * checking for executable files ... OK
| * checking whether package ‘RcppSkeleton’ can be installed
| ... ERROR
| Installation failed.
| See
| ‘/Dropbox/_njm/__packages/RcppSkeleton.Rcheck/00install.out’
| for details.
| vlsb-4151a-2:__packages nickm$ open
| /Dropbox/_njm/__packages/RcppSkeleton.Rcheck/00install.out
| ===========================
|
|
| The file:
|
| /Dropbox/_njm/__packages/RcppSkeleton.Rcheck/00install.out
| ===========================
| Loading ~/.Rprofile...
| Currently viewed PATH:
| /opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin
| * installing *source* package ‘RcppSkeleton’ ...
| ** libs
| *** arch - i386
| g++ -arch i386
| -I/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include
| -I/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include/i386
| -I/usr/local/include
| -I"/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/2.14/Resources/library/Rcpp/include"
| -fPIC -g -O2 -c rcpp_hello_world.cpp -o rcpp_hello_world.o
| g++ -arch i386
| -I/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include
| -I/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include/i386
| -I/usr/local/include
| -I"/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/2.14/Resources/library/Rcpp/include"
| -fPIC -g -O2 -c rcpp_module.cpp -o rcpp_module.o
| g++ -arch i386 -dynamiclib -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names
| -undefined dynamic_lookup -single_module -multiply_defined
| suppress -L/usr/local/lib -o RcppSkeleton.so
| rcpp_hello_world.o rcpp_module.o Loading ~/.Rprofile...
| Currently viewed PATH:
| /opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin
| /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/2.14/Resources/library/Rcpp/lib/i386/libRcpp.a
| -F/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/.. -framework R
| -Wl,-framework -Wl,CoreFoundation
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: Loading: No such file or
| directory
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: ~/.Rprofile...: No such
| file or directory
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: Currently: No such file or
| directory
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: viewed: No such file or
| directory
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: PATH:: No such file or
| directory
| i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2:
| /opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin:/GIS/MRTSwath/bin:/usr/texbin:
| No such file or directory
| make: *** [RcppSkeleton.so] Error 1
| ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘RcppSkeleton’
| * removing
| ‘/Dropbox/_njm/__packages/RcppSkeleton.Rcheck/RcppSkeleton’
| ===========================
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| On 5/9/12 1:38 PM, Bob Carpenter wrote:
| > Thanks again, Dirk, for being so responsive to
| > our newbie queries. There's some more inline below.
| >
| > On 5/8/12 11:34 PM, Dirk Eddelbuettel wrote:
| > >
| > > On 8 May 2012 at 23:17, Jiqiang Guo wrote:
| > > | Suppose I have a function in CPP as
| > > |
| > > | void cppfun(Rcpp::List lst) {
| > > | ......
| > > | }
| > > |
| > > | Then I would like to call this cppfun in R code as say
| > > | cppfun(list(a=a, b=b, c=c, ...)), in which
| > >
| > > (Well you need a SEXP somefun(SEXP ...) interface from R)
| >
| > We (I'm working with Jiqiang) were hoping to
| > let Rcpp do the heavy wrapping here following
| > the std::vector example in the Rcpp modules doc (last
| > full example).
| >
| > > | a, b, c could be of different types and their type
| > might be different as this
| > > | function gets called another time. So I would like to
| > know the type of a, b,
| > > | c in the CPP code. Could someone help me out or point
| > to me some other
| > > | approaches? Thanks.
| > >
| > > It's a good question. I have at time thought about that a
| > little, but have no
| > > immediate solution for you.
| > >
| > > One could possible use something C++-ish via traits.
| >
| > We are using traits/policies all over our own code,
| > but this isn't a compile-time type/behavioral config issue. The
| > types someone passes us in a call that takes a list
| > could be anything, and we need to check they're compatible
| > with what we're expecting and handle the error if they're
| > not.
| >
| > > One could also use C level macros from the R API which
| > simply test for types
| > > as after all each element of a List must be a SEXP, so we
| > use the SEXP-style
| > > macros.
| >
| > This could work. We just don't know what's in an
| > SEXP or how to get the SEXP from the Rcpp::List entries.
| >
| > What we (I'm working with Jiqiang) need is to be able to
| >
| > 1. access the value of an Rcpp list entry by name.
| > 2. recover the basic type, integer or floating point
| > 3. recover the dimensions
| > 4. recover the values as a vector
| >
| > Presumably that's available somewhere in the Rcpp::List
| > if you can use it to communicate back and forth
| > losslessly with R.
| >
| > > In the end I always went with more explicit code design:
| > only use a List for
| > > transfer to / from R, and otherwise use explicit C++ types.
| >
| > I completely agree with Dirk's last point -- we only
| > want to use Rcpp as transport to/from R.
| >
| > Is there a place to find the API doc somewhere,
| > like what methods are available on an Rcpp::List?
| > Otherwise, I can just look at the code. I'm about to
| > try to look through the source now, so maybe I'll be
| > able to answer our own question.
| >
| > - Bob
| >
| >
| >
| > _______________________________________________
| > Rcpp-devel mailing list
| > Rcpp-devel at lists.r-forge.r-project.org
| > https://lists.r-forge.r-project.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/rcpp-devel
| >
| >
|
| --
| ====================================================
| Nicholas J. Matzke
| Ph.D. Candidate, Graduate Student Researcher
|
| Huelsenbeck Lab
| Center for Theoretical Evolutionary Genomics
| 4151 VLSB (Valley Life Sciences Building)
| Department of Integrative Biology
| University of California, Berkeley
|
| Graduate Student Instructor, IB200B
| Principles of Phylogenetics: Ecology and Evolution
| http://ib.berkeley.edu/courses/ib200b/
| http://phylo.wikidot.com/
|
|
| Lab websites:
| http://ib.berkeley.edu/people/lab_detail.php?lab=54
| http://fisher.berkeley.edu/cteg/hlab.html
| Dept. personal page:
| http://ib.berkeley.edu/people/students/person_detail.php?person=370
| Lab personal page:
| http://fisher.berkeley.edu/cteg/members/matzke.html
| Lab phone: 510-643-6299
| Dept. fax: 510-643-6264
|
| Cell phone: 510-301-0179
| Email: matzke at berkeley.edu
|
| Mailing address:
| Department of Integrative Biology
| 1005 Valley Life Sciences Building #3140
| Berkeley, CA 94720-3140
|
| -----------------------------------------------------
| "[W]hen people thought the earth was flat, they were wrong.
| When people thought the earth was spherical, they were
| wrong. But if you think that thinking the earth is spherical
| is just as wrong as thinking the earth is flat, then your
| view is wronger than both of them put together."
|
| Isaac Asimov (1989). "The Relativity of Wrong." The
| Skeptical Inquirer, 14(1), 35-44. Fall 1989.
| http://chem.tufts.edu/AnswersInScience/RelativityofWrong.htm
| ====================================================
| _______________________________________________
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--
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