<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 15 (filtered medium)">
<style><!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:Helvetica;
panose-1:2 11 6 4 2 2 2 2 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:"Cambria Math";
panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri;
panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{margin:0in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:#0563C1;
text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:#954F72;
text-decoration:underline;}
span.EmailStyle17
{mso-style-type:personal-reply;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
color:#1F497D;}
.MsoChpDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;
font-size:10.0pt;}
@page WordSection1
{size:8.5in 11.0in;
margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;}
div.WordSection1
{page:WordSection1;}
--></style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]-->
</head>
<body lang="EN-US" link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72">
<div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Hi Aron,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">The p-value is that of the implication strength (ImplicStat). This criteria is a z value. The lower ImplicStat (greater negative value), the greater the implication
strength of the rule. Your first two rules have an implication strength of about -1, and P(Z<-1) is about .16 for a normal distribution. Likewise, for the 3<sup>rd</sup> rule, you have an implicative strength of .08, and P(Z<.08) = .53. When the p-value is
less than .05, the rule has a significant implicative strength.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">For more explanation see for example,
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Ritschard, G., V. Pisetta and D.A. Zighed</span><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> (2008), Inducing and evaluating classification trees with statistical implicative criteria, in
R. Gras, E. Suzuki, F. Guillet and F. Spagnolo (eds), <i>Statistical Implicative Analysis: Theory and Applications</i>, Series Studies in Computational Intelligence, Vol. 127. Berlin: Springer, 397-420.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Preprint: <a href="http://mephisto.unige.ch/pub/publications/gr/ritsch-pisetta-zighed_bookGras_final_plain.pdf">
http://mephisto.unige.ch/pub/publications/gr/ritsch-pisetta-zighed_bookGras_final_plain.pdf</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Best,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Gilbert </span>
<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> traminer-users-bounces@lists.r-forge.r-project.org [mailto:traminer-users-bounces@lists.r-forge.r-project.org]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Aron Lindberg<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, March 11, 2015 16:29<br>
<b>To:</b> traminer-users@lists.r-forge.r-project.org<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Traminer-users] p-values for sequential association rules?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Hi,<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">When running sequential association rules I get several values in the output:<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> Rules Support Conf Lift Standardlift JMeasure ImplicStat p.value<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">1 (I1) => (I2) 15 0.7142857 0.7482993 -1.1607143 0.45894146 -0.9770084 0.1642825<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">2 (I2) => (I1) 17 0.8095238 0.8480726 -0.4404762 0.20127953 -0.9770084 0.1642825<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">3 (I2) => (I3) 17 0.8095238 0.9373434 0.5193644 0.01626898 0.0805823 0.5321129<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div id="mb-reply">
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div id="mb-reply">
<p class="MsoNormal">From here I understand what support, confidence, and lift are:<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div id="mb-reply">
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/27947556/traminerseqerules-help-page">http://stackoverflow.com/questions/27947556/traminerseqerules-help-page</a><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div id="mb-reply">
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div id="mb-reply">
<p class="MsoNormal">However, what does the p-value mean? It seems to be highly and negatively correlated with the confidence, but at the same time I have many sequences with combinations high support, confidence, and lift that still are insignificant.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div id="mb-reply">
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div id="mb-reply">
<p class="MsoNormal">Hence: what does the p-value pertain to? Can the rules be meaningfully interpreted even with the p-value is insignificant?<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div id="mb-reply">
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div id="mb-reply">
<p class="MsoNormal">Best,<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div id="mb-reply">
<p class="MsoNormal">ARon<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">-- <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Aron Lindberg<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Doctoral Candidate, Information Systems<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Weatherhead School of Management <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Case Western Reserve University<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">aronlindberg.github.io<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>