<html><head></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">Hi Cliff,<div><br></div><div> Thanks for the update! You can simulate a dataset of ages at death from a Gompertz mortality (mu(x) = a * exp(b * x)) with the following code:</div><div><br></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 15px/normal Monaco; color: rgb(21, 33, 155); "><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">rgomp</span> = <span style="color: rgb(178, 137, 30); ">function</span>(<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">n</span>, <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">theta</span>) {</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 15px/normal Monaco; color: rgb(21, 33, 155); "> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">u</span> = <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">runif</span>(<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">n</span>)</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 15px/normal Monaco; color: rgb(21, 33, 155); "> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">rx</span> = <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">log</span>(<span style="color: rgb(50, 82, 24); ">1</span> - <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">log</span>(<span style="color: rgb(50, 82, 24); ">1</span> - <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">u</span>) * <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">theta</span>[<span style="color: rgb(50, 82, 24); ">2</span>] / <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">exp</span>(<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">theta</span>[<span style="color: rgb(50, 82, 24); ">1</span>])) / <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); ">theta</span>[<span style="color: rgb(50, 82, 24); ">2</span>]</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 15px/normal Monaco; "><span style="color: rgb(21, 33, 155); "> </span>return<span style="color: rgb(21, 33, 155); ">(</span>rx<span style="color: rgb(21, 33, 155); ">)</span></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 15px/normal Monaco; color: rgb(21, 33, 155); ">}</div><div><br></div><div>Where n is the number of individuals you want to simulate, and theta are: theta[1] = log(a) and theta[2] = b. You can fix theta[2] at some negative value.</div><div><br></div><div> Best,</div><div><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-size: medium; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-size: medium; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-size: medium; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div> Fernando<br class="Apple-interchange-newline">______________________________________________</div><div><div> </div><div>Fernando Colchero</div><div><br></div><div>Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research</div><div>Konrad Zuse Str. 1, 18057, Rostock, Germany</div><div>Tel: +49 (0) 381 2081 113</div><div>Fax: +49 (0) 381 2081 529</div><div><div>E-mail: <a href="mailto:Colchero@demogr.mpg.de">Colchero@demogr.mpg.de</a></div></div><div>______________________________________________</div></div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div></span><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"></span><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"></span>
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<br><div><div>On Nov 10, 2011, at 6:33 PM, Cliff Cunningham wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type="cite"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">Dear Basta,<div><br><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>I'm pleased to report that I have -- with an artificial dataset -- been able to recover patterns of declining mortality. Thanks very much for fixing this!</div><div><br></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Is it possible to enforce declining mortality on a simulation (enforcing negative b1)? I'd like to see how this affects the pattern of deaths in the life tables, as there are entire years with no deaths.</div><div><div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-size: medium; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-size: medium; "><div style="font-size: 12px; "><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span></div><div style="font-size: 12px; "><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>Thanks very much!</div><div style="font-size: 12px; "><br></div><div style="font-size: 12px; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>Cliff Cunningham</div><div style="font-size: 12px; "><br></div><div style="font-size: 12px; "><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"> Professor</div><div style="font-size: 12px; "><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>Biology Department</div><div style="font-size: 12px; "> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>Duke University</div><div style="font-size: 12px; "> 130 Science Drive</div><div style="font-size: 12px; "><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>Durham NC 27708<br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div style="font-size: 12px; "><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>Phone 919-660-7356<br></div><div style="font-size: 12px; "><br></div><div style="font-size: 12px; "><a href="http://www.biology.duke.edu/cunningham">http://www.biology.duke.edu/cunningham</a></div><div style="font-size: 12px; "><br class="khtml-block-placeholder"></div></span><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"></span><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
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